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index of (i) represents the 5-years interval of age, such as 15-19, 20-24, ...,
45-49.

Formula by 5-year interval of age:

7 B
TFR  5  i
i 1  W i

Where:
TFR: Total fertility rate;

B i : Number of live births in the reference period of women in the age
group (i);

th
i: i age group;
th
W i: Number of women of the i age group up to the reference time-
point.

The coefficient of 5 in the above formula is applied for the average
rate of consecutive 5-year age groups so that the TFR will be commensurate
with the age-specific fertility rates described in this formula.

Crude death rate

Crude death rate indicates that for every 1,000 people, how many
deaths are in the reference period.
Formula:

D
CDR (‰) = × 1000
P tb
Where:

CDR: Crude death rate;

D: Total of deaths in the reference period;

P tb: Population up to the reference time-point.

Infant mortality rate is the measure of the mortality level of
children in the first year of life. This rate is defined as the number of

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