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Average population
                Average population is mean population for a period.

                Formula:

                - If data is available at  two time points (base and end of the short
          term, usually a year), then use the following formula:

                                               P 0 + P 1
                                       P tb  =
                                                  2

                Where:

                P tb: Average population;

                P 0: Population at the base period;

                P 1: Population at the ending period.

                - If data is available at times evenly, then use the formula:
                                   P 0                         P n
                                    2   + P 1  + ....  + P n-1 +   2
                            P tb  =
                                                  n

                Where:

                P tb: Average population;

                P 0,1,...,n: Population at time points of 0, 1,...,;

                n: Number of equal time points.
                - If data are available at times unequal spaces, using the formula:

                                      P tb1t 1 + P tb2t 2 + .... + P tbnt n
                              P tb  =
                                                 ∑t i

                Where:

                P tb: Average population;

                P tb1: Average population of the first duration;

                P tb2: Average population of the second duration;



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