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line (welfare poverty line) or whose monthly average income per capita is
above income-based poverty line but below minimum living standard and
deprives of at least 3 indices for measuring deprivation of access to basic

social services. The multi-dimensional poverty line is defined upon two
criteria, including income-based criteria and basic-social-service-based
criteria as follows:

Income-based criteria:

+ Income-based minimum living standard is the income level that

guarantees to afford basic minimumneeds for a person to survive,
including food, foodstuff demands and non-food consumption suitable
with socio-economic situation of the province/city directly under central

management in each period.

+ Income-based poverty line (also welfare poverty line) is the
income level which household is considered as income poverty if its
income is lower than that level.

Criteria for deprivation of accessing to basic social services:

+ 5 basic social services include: Health, Education, Housing,

Clean water and sanitation and Information accessibility.

+ 10 indicators for measuring level of deprivation:(1) Adult
education; (2) Child school attendance; (3) Accessibility to health care
services; (4) Health insurance; (5) Quality of house; (6) Housing area per

capita; (7) Drinking water supply; (8) Hygienic toilet/latrine; (9) Use of
telecommunication services; (10) Assets for information accessibility.

Monthly average income per capita is calculated by dividing the
total income of household in a reference year by the number of household

members and by 12 months. Household income is the total amount of
money and in-kind value received by household and household members
after deducting production cost in a given period, usually one year.

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